creek wars

1813-1814

then 1836-1837

952 COMMITTED

18 DEATH IN SERVICE.

In February 1813, a civil war broke out within the Creek Nation, between the Red Sticks and the Creeks who had adopted the "White Sticks" way of life. Americans near the clashes were deeply concerned that the conflict was spreading. Colonel Jackson and Major-General William Cocke led a force of about 2,500 men each south to attack the Creeks. These two troops were mainly composed of Tennessee militiamen, Cherokee warriors and soldiers.

Although Jackson's mission was to pacify the Creeks, he pursued the more ambitious goal of taking the city of Pensacola, where the Spanish governor sat. By the end of 1813, Jackson's troops had won several battles, including Tallushatchee and Talladega. However, as the militiamen had only committed for three months, he was forced to dissolve the troops at the end of this term. After remobilizing and forming new troops, Jackson and General John Coffee led an army of 3,200 men, consisting of 2,600 military personnel and nearly 600 Indians.

On March 27, Jackson and Coffee decisively defeated the Creeks in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, killing nearly 800 of the 1,000 Creeks, as against 49 killed and 154 wounded for the American fighters and Cherokees. Jackson chased the surviving Creeks until they all surrendered. This victory led to the signing of the Fort Jackson Treaty that ended the Creek conflict on August 9, 1814. Most historians believe that the Creek War was an integral part of the War of 1812, as the British had supported them. to destabilize the US government.

The 1836 Creek War (also known as the Alabama Uplift Creek or the Second Creek War) was a conflict between the United States and part of the Creek Nation between 1836 and 1837. It took place in the border zone between Alabama and Georgia along the course of the Chattahoochee River. It ends with the defeat of the Creed forces and the deportation of the creek people from their lands to the Indian Territory west of the Mississippi, or by their flight to Florida.

In May 1836, Creeks murdered five whites in southern Alabama, and creeks crossed the Chattahoochee River to attack Roanoke, Georgia.

On June 9, 1836, the battle of Shepherd's Plantation took place and most of the "battles" that follow should rather be called skirmishes, this conflict being clearly composed of guerrilla actions.

On July 1, 1836, General Scott declared, somewhat prematurely, the Creek War ended, following the capture of a number of warriors. Their old leader Neamathla, over eighty years old, and a few hundred warriors are chained for a 150-kilometer walk from Fort Mitchell to Montgomery, Alabama.

An Alabama militia encircles a creek encampment in a marsh near the Pea River on March 25, 1837. The hostilities last more than four hours, many shots are exchanged, causing many casualties on both sides. There are also reports of hand-to-hand combat, and even female creeks are forced to fight to protect the lives of their children. The militia finally takes the camp, having lost a dozen men, more than 50 Creeks were killed. This is the last battle in Georgia or Alabama, the surviving Creeks have retreated to Florida where they fight alongside the Seminoles.